Search results for "bepress|Arts and Humanities|Religion"

Attachement narratif, fonction réflexive et régulation émotionnelle chez des sujets déprimés

2014

Resume La theorie de l’attachement et ses differents developpements dans le domaine de l’attachement adulte proposent un paradigme novateur pour etudier les processus mentaux sous-jacents aux representations d’attachement a travers les formes d’enonciation du recit et la mise en forme des experiences subjectives. L’objectif de cette etude etait de rechercher des profils particuliers du discours des personnes deprimees a travers une procedure d’analyse des entretiens semi-structures, inspiree du paradigme de l’attachement (Edicode). Vingt-trois femmes deprimees et 20 femmes consultant dans le cadre d’un suivi de prevention lie a un antecedent de melanome ont participe a un entretien clinique…

Reconnaissance de l’émotion faciale et schizophrénie

2009

Resume La schizophrenie se caracterise par une large gamme de deficits dans les competences interpersonnelles. Une maniere d’aborder ces deficits consiste naturellement a explorer la capacite des patients schizophrenes a traiter des stimuli dont l’importance psychosociale est averee : les visages, par exemple. Il est aujourd’hui admis que les patients schizophrenes souffrent de difficultes importantes en matiere de reconnaissance et de discrimination faciales. Ces difficultes ont ete mises en evidence dans des paradigmes varies, incluant des tests de reconnaissance d’identite, d’emotion ou d’âge. L’etendue de ces troubles suggere l’alteration d’un mecanisme de traitement commun a tous les t…

Évolution du concept d’alliance thérapeutique en psychanalyse, de Freud à Renik

2012

Resume L’alliance therapeutique se definit comme la collaboration mutuelle, un partenariat, entre le patient et le therapeute dans le but d’accomplir les objectifs fixes. Ce concept a pris naissance en psychanalyse ou il a donne lieu a d’intenses debats. Nous proposons une synthese de ces debats, depuis les premieres intuitions de Freud jusqu’a l’actuel courant d’intersubjectivite. Ceci permet de mettre a jour les arguments d’une question qui n’est finalement pas tranchee, mais qui trouve cependant une voie d’expression dans les recherches portant sur les therapies breves analytiques. En effet, la confrontation d’idee a essentiellement porte autour du fait de savoir si la notion d’alliance …

Tracas quotidiens des étudiants de première année de grandes écoles : liens avec la santé mentale perçue et la qualité de vie

2014

Resume L’entree dans une grande ecole, avec les nombreux changements occasionnes, peut etre consideree comme une situation potentiellement stressante. Nous avons donc souhaite identifier les difficultes rencontrees par les etudiants inscrits en premiere annee et leurs eventuelles repercussions sur leur sante et leur qualite de vie. Les resultats obtenus montrent que les tracas les plus frequents et les plus genants sont lies a la reussite dans les etudes (examens), a la gestion du temps (ne pas avoir le temps de faire ce que l’on voudrait faire), aux relations interpersonnelles (eloignement d’un etre cher) et a la sante (sommeil et reveil) avec des repercussions non negligeables sur leur sa…

L’olfaction dans les troubles dépressifs : intérêts et perspectives

2017

International audience; Research on sensorial interactions with psychiatric diseases and particularly with the depressive syndrome has mainly focused on visual or auditory processes and much less on olfaction. The depressive illness is one of the most frequent psychiatric diagnoses in the community, with approximately one in five women and one in eight men experiencing a major depressive episode during their lifetime. Although genetic, epigenetic, neuroanatomical, neurochemical, neuroendocrinological and neuroimmunological changes can be detected during depression, the etiology of depression remains partly unclear. The current explanatory models are based on two main factors, i.e. pharmacol…

Biopiracy of natural products and good bioprospecting practice

2016

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:27:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Background: Biopiracy mainly focuses on the use of biological resources and/or knowledge of indigenous tribes or communities without allowing them to share the revenues generated out of economic exploitation or other non-monetary incentives associated with the resource/knowledge. Methods: Based on collaborations of scientists from five continents, we have created a communication platform to discuss not only scientific topics, but also more general issues with social relevance. This platform was termed 'PhytCancer -Phytotherapy to Fight Cancer' (www.phy…

Moral assessment of frozen human embryo adoption in the light of the Magisterium of the Catholic Church

2017

As the number of frozen human embryos continues to rise daily, with numbers not expected to fall, an answer must be found to this dilemma. Four possible solutions have been suggested: a) thaw the embryos and allow them to perish; b) thaw them and donate them for biomedical research; c) thaw them and donate them in adoption; and d) leave them frozen indefinitely. This paper will evaluate the morality of these four possible solutions, particularly frozen human embryo adoption in the light of the Magisterium of the Catholic Church, which in its Instruction Dignitas Personae, appears to have opted to consider this practice as illicit. We also review the various stances of expert moralists in fa…

L'enfant face aux aliments: d'avant-goûts en préférences en programmations

2008

Understanding the placebo effect from an evolutionary perspective

2013

Abstract A placebo is a treatment which is not effective through its direct action on the body, but works because of its effect on the patient's beliefs. From an evolutionary perspective, it is initially puzzling why, if people are capable of recovering, they need a placebo to do so. Based on an argument put forward by Humphrey [Great expectations: the evolutionary psychology of faith-healing and the placebo effect. In: Humphrey, N (2002). The mind made flesh. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 255–285], we present simple mathematical models of the placebo effect that involve a trade-off between the costs and benefits of allocating resources to a current problem. These models show why the eff…

Investigating parental beliefs concerning facilitators and barriers to the physical activity in down syndrome and typical development

2017

Family is a crucial factor to determine the amount, the duration, and the complexity of children’s sport activities. This study aims at comparing the beliefs concerning the involvement in sport activities among parents of children with Down syndrome (DS) and parents of typically developing children (TDC). A phenomenological theoretical framework was adopted to realize semistructured interviews with the parents. The participants were 35 parents: 19 with children and adolescents with DS and 16 with TDC. The main facilitation/barrier themes identified by the parents of children with DS were the family and the expert at Adapted Physical Activity (APA) instructors. Conversely, the parents of TD…